11/21/2023 0 Comments Subdural strokes blown pupilBrain hemorrhage requires immediate medical attention (Felman, 2019). The symptoms may include weakness, tingling, paralysis of the extremities or face on one side, headache, difficulty swallowing, vision problems, loss of balance or coordination, confusion, slurred speech, seizures, lethargy, stupor, and unconsciousness. The risk factors and causes include head trauma, high blood pressure, aneurysm, blood vessel abnormalities, amyloid angiopathy, blood or bleeding disorders, liver disease, and brain tumors (Wright, 2022). These conditions put more strain on the surrounding brain tissue, which decreases critical blood flow and destroys brain cells. Blood that has accumulated forms a mass known as a hematoma. It occurs when the blood from trauma irritates the tissues of the brain which leads to swelling (cerebral edema). Brain hemorrhage is also known as brain bleed, cerebral hemorrhage, intracranial hemorrhage, or intracerebral hemorrhage which is responsible for 13% of strokes. The word “hemorrhage” came from the Latin word “haemorrhagia” which translates to “a violent bleeding”. As for a person with a slow-growing subdural hematoma, there may be no apparent symptoms for more than a couple of weeks (Hoffman, 2022). A person with serious bleeding may immediately pass out, go into a coma, or even die. The symptoms include headache, confusion, dizziness, vomiting, lethargy, weakness, and seizures. Some abruptly come to a stop, while others require surgical drainage. A subdural hematoma can cause life-threatening bleeding and increased pressure on the brain. It is typically brought on by severe head injuries. Specifically, the bleeding occurs between the dura (topmost layer) and the arachnoid (the next layer). Blood gathers between the layers of tissue that encircle the brain. Subdural HematomaĪn accumulation of blood outside the brain is known as a subdural (below the epidural membrane) hematoma. Other causes include trauma, aneurysm, weakly connected arteries and veins from birth, and tumors (Kutty, 2016 Mayo Clinic, 2022). The most common causes are high blood pressure and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (proteins build up on the brain’s arterial walls). Intracerebral HematomaĪlso known as intraparenchymal hematoma, intracerebral hematoma occurs when blood gathers in the brain’s tissues. More severe symptoms include seizures, breathing difficulties, brain function loss, coma, and death. The symptoms include loss of consciousness, decline of brain function, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, enlarged pupil in one eye, dizziness, confusion, slurred speech, and weakness on one side of the body. A targeted blow to the head, such as one delivered with a hammer or baseball bat, frequently serves as the initiating event (Price, 2021). Many visits to the emergency room due to epidural hematoma are associated with extreme sports. This is a potentially fatal disorder that may need prompt treatment and, if untreated, is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. This is typically caused by traumatic head injury which generally includes a skull fracture and artery laceration. Epidural HematomaĪn epidural hematoma is a traumatic blood accumulation between the skull and the brain’s protective covering. Hence, brain hematoma occurs when there is a buildup of blood outside the brain blood vessels. It is generally defined as a bad bruise or a collection of blood outside of blood vessels. “Hematoma” came from the Greek word “haima” which means “blood” and the Greek suffix “-oma” which is used in pathology to indicate a mass.
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